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Roll Control by Roll Centre Migration

Make use of the tendency for roll centres to migrate laterally
 
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Apparently this happens already on some single seaters: when body roll starts, the roll centre moves from its normal position a short distance above the road, half-way between the wheels, towards the outside of the corner. I have never seen any attempt to use this phenomenon to control body roll.

I did an analysis of my Morris Minor's front suspension. As standard, the roll centre is about 3"/75mm above the road, and migrates in a small circle through the range of roll, only having deviated 2"/50mm at a rather extreme 6deg of roll. Then I considered replacing the lower control arms with leading arms which, geometrically, are swinging control arms of infinite length. Now, the roll centre migrates rapidly in the direction of roll, i.e. towards the outside of the curve, so that at a mere 3deg of roll the roll centre is outside the track.

It should be obvious that this represents a self-correcting system. If there were zero roll stiffness, the vehicle would adopt that angle of roll at which the resultant of weight and lateral inertia passes through the roll centre, and roll no further. Then there is no roll moment, as the moment arm length is zero.

In the example of my Morris this translated to a requirement of 0.67g of lateral acceleration to achieve 1deg of roll. The exact ratio is variable, and depends on the length and angle of the upper control arms. In the example roll stiffness is discounted and all weight transfer derives from forces effectively acting on the roll centre. There are nevertheless many ways in which this system may be tuned, e.g. varying front and rear roll centre heights; varying the rates of rc migration front and rear; using the system only at one end of the vehicle, and some other system at the other; or introducing a tiny amount of roll stiffness at one end only.

The effect of the last-named is to introduce a very small roll moment. Even so, the system will generate only a tiny fraction of the torsional loads associated with conventional suspension systems tuned by large roll-stiffness differentials. It is therefore another way to get a car to handle decently without the need for a torsionally-stiff vehicle structure - which is an ongoing obsession of mine.

The use of leading or trailing lower control arms also suits the system to mechanically interconnected suspension, a la Citroen 2CV, which I've always thought a brilliant piece of work. The roll-correcting characteristic allows one to achieve resonant frequencies in the 1.0-1.2Hz range without the 2CV's tendency to scrape its door handles on the road without any of the wheels losing contact...

Ned_Ludd, Oct 15 2007

Morris Minor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Minor
*drool* [jutta, Oct 15 2007]

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       I think what you are talking about is how multi-link independent suspensions actually do work. It uses the compression of a wheels suspension to alter the roll center and limit roll. The only problem is that suspension compression also happens due to bumps and acceleration and in these cases, the tires angle to counter the roll that doesn't exist and partially loose friction with the road. This is the reason that Corvettes never do all that well at drag races. Also I may have misinterpreted you as it has been years since I read Smokey Yunick's suspension book which I heartily recommend if you are interested in this subject.
MisterQED, Oct 15 2007
  

       Of my sources I think Fred Puhn's is the best, but I don't have Yunick's. Thanks, I'll look out for it.   

       Actually, multi-link is very often an euphemism for a compromised strut/semi-trailing arm set-up bodged right with fancy bushings and elastic-distortion-inducing links. It tends to offend the engineering purist! And it all works by roll stiffness, which is why those manufacturers boast about their structural resonant frequencies and keep rather quiet about their spring-medium resonant frequencies...
Ned_Ludd, Oct 15 2007
  

       I am so sick of them doing that!
Texticle, Oct 15 2007
  
      
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