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Use electromagnetic waves in the radio band to analyze blood sugar levels. Some research would need to be done to explore exactly how someone goes about doing this, but it seems quite feasible. Perhaps analyzing the cross-correlation function between the output signal and the received reflection would
offer some insight.
The device could sit in a wrist watch and display the most current reading. This would also allow the transmit and receive antennas to be place anywhere around the wrist.
For sophisticated users, make the reading a hand on an analog watch so that others don't even know you are checking your blood-sugar levels.
US patent 5,533,509
http://tinyurl.com/3jjes
non-invasive measurement of blood sugar level using light [xaviergisz, Mar 03 2005]
GlucoWatch
http://www.glucowat...essional/index.html
One of four currently on the market. [reensure, Mar 03 2005]
Saccharimetry
http://scholar.hw.a...hysics/glossary.asp
sugars rotate plane of polarizatrion under influence of magnetic field. [csea, Mar 07 2005]
Optical measuremsnt of glucoase in the Aqueous Humor
http://www.maths.ox...blems/lein/lein.pdf
sugar content by confocal scan or other techniques, including polarization [csea, Mar 07 2005]
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Annotation:
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sp: wrist, antennae.
So you are not actually proposing any mechanism for this? |
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pl. an·ten·nas A metallic apparatus for sending or receiving electromagnetic waves. That is what was proposed. :) |
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light it electromagnetic, but not in the "radio" spectrum I mentioned. [see patent ref. on the left] the skin depth of light into human tissue is most likely far too small to see clearly into the artery as it passes through the wrist. Probably something more likely between 1MHz and 1GHz. |
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For this to work, glucose molecules must reflect radio waves. More glucose would make for more reflection. It is an interesting idea - glucose radar? But why do you think radio waves, particularly, would be reflected from glucose? |
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I don't know the specifics about the resonant properties of glucose, but I image there is at least one harmonic of some sort in the mid-high radio band. I choose that band because of it's small circuit/antenna size and feasibility of prototyping. Could be some interesting research. |
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More important would be a similar test to determine the prevalence of glycosated haemoglobin in the blood. That's one of the tests used to establish the extent of potential long term excess glucose levels. |
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An HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) test is out of the scope of many fundamental service laboratories. It would be interesting to screen the general population for this erythrocyte buffer product. Not a useful reading for a continual monitoring device, due to its long term stability. To monitor continuously would be like wearing a watch that has only 30 day months. |
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I'm surprised not to find references to use of saccharimetry to detect blood sugar level - essentially, sugars rotate the plane of polarization of light when subject to a magnetic field. |
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So: make some polarized light, shine through a fingertip or other body part, and detect the polarization of light coming out while varying an externally applied magnetic field. Blood sugar level should be correllated with the field required for a given degree of rotation of polarization. |
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I think that would be far too susceptible to differences in skin thickness, wouldn't it? |
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[reensure], I was thinking more of the test as a screening device. I had Type II diabetes for years, but no-one picked it up on simple glucose tests, which I had been taking every 6-12 months for the previous 8 years, or so. Diabetes mellitus runs in our family. |
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HbA1c showed up levels around 16%, which is very high. This was after I deliberately pestered my doctor to take more than a cursory glance at results that were not accounting for the way I felt and the other indicative symptons I was experiencing. |
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Since only 20% of people with T2 actually have regular HbA1c tests, largely because of the cost and doctors' unwillingness to refer for testing (based, presumably upon the lack of facilities for assessment, rather than ignorance), the logical conclusion is that there should be easier avenues for testing. Long term elevation, above 8%, significantly increases the risk of blindness. |
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OK, now you've got me interested. There seems to be some interest in optical measurements of the aqueous humour in the eye see [link] - this paper does call out confocal scanning, but does mention "polarization - since glucose is optically active." |
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Specialist opthalmologists can usually determine whether there is any evidence or likelihood of diabetes-related damage to the eyes. Automation of that testing would be a boon to the growing population of diabetes sufferers. |
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A sign, in your doctor's rooms, saying "If your HbA1c is above 8% then you risk blindness" seems to focus people's attention, too. |
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I like the rotation of polarized light idea. One could shine light through the webbing of a finger and standardize it to a conventionally checked blood sugar reading. |
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This has strayed from the idea that certain molecules have "harmonics in the mid high radio band", which, if true, is even more provocative since it could be used to test any number of things - iron deposition in the liver, lead in the blood etc. [Kumpf], if you can teach me anything about radio resonance of molecules in solution, I will Kumpf you up a bun. |
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[bungston], there have been some changes observed, in the behaviour of certain enzymes, when exposed to cellular 'phone signals. There's an abstract somewhere on the net, about acetylcholine esterase, assuming gel-like properties after prolonged exposure. |
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Are you referring to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, or some other form of radio interference? |
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